See: Private Investment Fund.
It's caled a PIPE. And a lotta people smoke it.
You put mayonnaise on everything. You spread it on your bagel in the morning (you think people who use cream cheese are gross). You put it on salads. You like to snuggle on the couch at night and just eat mayo out of the jar with a spoon while binging Netflix. When you go to your local grocery store to buy mayo, you don't just pick up a jar at a time. You buy it in bulk. Instead of spending $0.40 an ounce by purchasing the little jars, you end up paying just $0.25 an ounce by getting the giant pack...the one where they need to get the forklift ready to help you take it to the car.
Bottom line: when you buy things in bulk, you get a discount off the publicly advertised price. That's the basic dynamic behind a PIPE.
It works like this: you have an already-trading public company. Shares change hands on the NYSE or NASDAQ everyday. But then a private investment firm wants to buy some shares. A lot of shares. Meanwhile, the public company wants to sell shares. Remember: the stock that trades on a public exchange was sold by the company a long time ago. The firm itself doesn't see any money from the deals that go down on the NYSE or NASDAQ. If the firm wants to raise more cash, money it can use to invest in its business, it needs to sell more stock. That usually involves a secondary offering, which can be a hassle. However, if it sells a big chunk of stock in one shot to a private investor, it saves a lot of trouble. It gets an inflow of cash, and the private investor gets the shares they want. In exchange, the public company offers the investor a deal. It sells the shares below the current market value. The big investor gets the stock at a price less than they'd have to pay if they bought it in the public market. Basically, they receive bulk pricing. And the company gets an injection of cash, which it wouldn't get if the investor had purchased the shares on the open market.
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Finance: What are Five Questions You Can...4 Views
Finance allah shmoop what are the top five questions you
can expect to be asked in a private equity investing
interview All right people first things first before you walk
into the interview well you've checked out the company's website
right You've looked at their history the companies they've invested
in and then googled the crap out of those companies
Right Then you've looked up on link thin in quasi
stalker like fashion each of the key partners of the
firm right and especially the people you're meeting with and
of course you've jotted down the random connections like wealth
one was also a nationally ranked squash player And be
sure you note that this is very different from your
grandfather who was a nationally ranked squash grower very different
i don't want to hit those things explode all right
So this is the very basics but more importantly you
have to know whether it is actually a real private
equity investment company the old school way or if it's
really a growth capital investment company and they're huge differences
and you've got to know the diff so before you
go in all right well in the olden days private
equity was all about finding fallen angels cos who used
to be vaunted respected loved and growing Then for whatever
reason demand suddenly changed Hi newspaper industry or its management
did stupid things like tick off its distribution retail partners
Hello coach luggage We're looking at you or the brand
itself while just got tired Hi Adidas or adi das
is they say today and the stock went from trading
at twenty times even toe like five times as wall
street fell out of love with company Well private equity
investors back then would borrow a whole heap of cash
and take the company private with a mindset of fixing
it and then taking it public using higher profits to
pay down debt and return the company to growth so
that it would carry a multiple a whole lot closer
to the twenty times it carried when people loved it
Then the five times it carried when you bought it
so that's private equity old school growth capital is something
very different Growth capital is just money already healthy companies
need thio grow maur if whatever dot com had another
one hundred million dollars in cash well then it could
Open No china Yeah china And then wow if everyone
in china just bought one thing on whatever dot com
well then wow The company would add eight billion dollars
in profits to its bottom line so i could really
use that hundred million bucks That's growth capital growth capitals
Totally different Animal there's no debt no turn around No
failed company no firing of half the workforce and redoing
the union contract It's just about investing for growth at
some price Got all that All right So here we
go Five questions managed to not change one What investments
from the industry have you liked or at least followed
Answer Well you'd better have followed a few They're not
necessarily going to ask you for specifics but it'd be
fair if they had a big fat high profile winner
in their portfolio and then they asked you about it
at least asked what you thought of it The deal
company product and the answer there You loved it genius
Such insight So this is how and where i want
to learn blob blob Blob of law in private equity
with puckering and tongue Yeah All right Next question welkos
Through the math of private equity there Okay so not
technically a question but here you might start blathering about
debt to even ratios and valuations of wildly optimistic internet
companies and you'd have scorn and guffawing and then you'll
realize that they were talking about their own compensation You
know how they charge their limited partner investors and what
carrier profit participation means to the partners their golden goose
or peace and their three homes and second set of
spouses or spice or whatever it is And families Yeah
so you've got to know how private equity it's paid
in two and twenty two percent fee twenty You gonna
carry generally Alright next number three what's gonna be your
industry We're talking like davey on that hill cartoon Alright
if you've made it this far well then you already
have some area of expertise right You're a semi young
guru of banks or retail buying called amazon or tech
or argentina How about drug distribution The legal kind Hopefully
this one since your notionally an expert in it will
be an easy answer You've followed the industry for at
least three years and got a check plus on your
final homework assignment Yeah congrats there Just remember that the
guy sitting across the table from you has probably followed
that industry for thirty years knows every ceo and their
secret lovers and also got a check plus on their
final homework assignment Yeah so take that All right moving
on for so much Do you want to work Answer
lots Whatever you need Anything you name it i take
fully caffeinated i'll be there sweep the leg whatever it
takes That's the answer got it Five why not public
equity While public equity is about nerve like it's just
a sense of where the danger lurks from where the
opportunities are where the big fat drafted you could kill
and eat for a month Private equity is all about
muscle You can't brute force your way tio picking amazon
overseers in nineteen ninety seven there's just a gut feel
that public market investors get where they have access to
scant data and very little knowledge that is direct to
actually go on regulation fd or full disclosure requires companies
to basically disclose little more than their quarterly reports and
the name of their company anytime asked private equity however
Has essentially no regulation So when you invest in it
well you get every detail you'd ever want And through
sheer force and will of doing amazingly detailed quality research
talking to every vendor and every supply heart person and
union factory workers and secretaries and on and on and
on a private equity deal may not be one hundred
eggs return but very few of them go big time
bus the way public stock to do all the time
and your temperament is simply set more for muscle in
lots of hard work than it is for nerve And
you know sensing the way the wind is blowing you
know the way the innkeeper and lame is Rob does
like that All right well there you go You're all
set for your interview and most importantly don't forget the 00:06:24.045 --> [endTime] tanaka close quarters there
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