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U.S. History 1877-Present Videos 173 videos

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Description:

Today we'll learn about how the U.S. learned a valuable lesson in inviting literally everyone to a party. It never seems to work out well.

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:04

Most Americans have probably heard at least a bit of the new

00:07

Colossus by Emma Lazarus it's that poem at the base of the Statue [Statue of liberty appears]

00:12

of Liberty that says give me your tired your poor your huddled masses yearning

00:18

to breathe free yeah the poem made a statement to all people

00:22

from other countries if you have a terrible life come to America it won't [Man looking at selection of food]

00:25

be terrible at all here unfortunately when the huddled masses of immigrants

00:30

arrived Lady Liberty wasn't as welcoming as she

00:32

so it kind of sort of semi promised it would be like if our friend begged us to

00:37

come over and hang out then yell at us for taking her job making true American [Woman begging friends and turns angry]

00:41

workers poor and corrupting American culture in general this anti-immigrant

00:46

attitude is called nativism before 1882 immigration was free open and the

00:51

citizens were easily naturalized but in 1882 ironically the same year that Emma

00:57

Lazarus wrote the new Colossus everything changed

01:00

white laborers in California were building the railroad but Chinese

01:04

immigrants began doing it for less pay voters complained so Congress wrote the [Congress Chinese Exclusion Act appears]

01:09

Chinese Exclusion Act excluding all Chinese nationals from Immigration and

01:15

Citizenship this was a big deal because it was the first time ever that America

01:19

denied an entire race of immigrants the Chinese Exclusion Act established a

01:24

general printable undesireable classes of immigrants could and should be

01:28

prevented from entering the United States or gaining American citizenship [Man with white beard denied entry by officer]

01:32

this principle quickly spread far beyond California's Chinese community the Act

01:36

barred entry to any convict lunatic idiot or any person unable to take care

01:42

of himself or herself without becoming a public charge now basically like Eleanor

01:47

runs for Congress unmarried women were also seen as a problem because people [Woman appears]

01:52

thought they were sure to become prostitutes dude usually will make this up people

01:56

many non-white people were also rejected this includes anybody from Asia and also

02:01

Southern and Eastern European areas who may have been shocked to learn they [Chef holding a pizza]

02:06

weren't like the nativists didn't stop with the Chinese Exclusion Act and the

02:10

Immigration Act of 1882 anti-immigrant fervor

02:13

heated up again after the Russian Revolution when Americans started

02:17

worrying that Russian immigrants would bring a bunch of communist ideas along

02:21

with them this led to the emergency quota act of 1921 and the even stricter [Fire burning]

02:27

National Origins Act of 1924 both of these put a cap on the number of

02:32

immigrants from any one country but there was a feather in this cap for [A cap with a purple feather]

02:36

nativist Italy the quota for each country was set at two percent of the

02:39

number of people of that nationality living in the u.s. at the time of the

02:43

1890 census what made the 1890 census so great for nativist because it came [Sailer stood above a ship filled with people]

02:48

before all these people from places that Americans thought were scary had entered

02:52

the country meaning there weren't many of them here in the first place take 2%

02:55

out nativists were trying their best to rewind the immigrant population back to

02:59

the good old days of what was called old immigration well between 1882 and

03:04

1924 the government's built giant immigration station most famously on New

03:08

York Ellis Island to inspect all newcomers before granting them [Immigration stations on Ellis Island]

03:12

admittance to the country so in the shadow of Lady Liberty hundreds of

03:16

thousands were sent back from where they had come their one-way cruise to America [Ship sails across statue of liberty]

03:21

had suddenly turned into a round trip an extra time and see on this side cruise

03:25

was well definitely not a good thing it wasn't even a floor show well maybe that [Women dancing for men on ship]

03:29

was a plus

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